Le Chatelier's Principle
If a chemical system at equilibrium is subjected to a disturbance in concentration, pressure, or temperature, the equilibrium shifts in the direction that counteracts the disturbance.
- pH of Buffer Solutions (Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation):
$$\text{pH} = pK_a + \log\frac{[\text{Conjugate Base}]}{[\text{Acid}]}$$
